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This Center for Victim Research Community serves as a one-stop resource for victim service providers and researchers to connect and share knowledge to increase (1) access to victim research and data and (2) the utility of research and data collection to crime victim services nationwide. This CVR Community contains open access and public domain research-based resources about victims of crime. This community is continually updated. Contact librarian@victimresearch.org to submit a resource.

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Browsing CVR Community by Subject "Abuse in Later Life"

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    Abuse Hurts At Every Age. UCF’s Bethany Backes Talks Domestic Violence in 50 Plus Women During the Pandemic
    (WMFE, 2021) Prieur, Danielle; Backes, Bethany
    A new study out of UCF paints a picture of the abuse women 50 and up have faced over the past year. More than 40 percent of the women surveyed in the study reported domestic violence, while 17 percent disclosed sexual violence. WMFE spoke with UCF professor and lead author on the study Bethany Backes about signs of abuse in older populations. (Author Text) [CVRL Note: More details about the "Older Survivors of Sexual and Domestic Violence" project are available here: https://www.ucf.edu/research/research-project/understanding-the-needs-of-older-sexual-and-family-violence-survivors-increasing-access-to-justice-safety-and-well-being-criminal-justice-division-office-of-the-governor-state-of-texas/
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    After Older Adult Maltreatment: Service Needs and Barriers
    (Traumatic Stress Studies Group, 2019) Olomi, Julie; Wright, Naomi; Hasche, Leslie; DePrince, Anne
    Little research is available specific to the service needs or related barriers of maltreated older adults. Further, no studies have asked at-risk older adults directly for their perspectives on service needs and barriers. As part of a larger study, a sample of 40 diverse older adults (Mage = 76 years) were recruited from the population of older adults who were involved in an abuse, neglect, and/or financial exploitation case where the offender was in a position of trust to the victim. Responses to open-ended questions about participants’ service needs and reasons for not seeking services were thematically coded. The majority of older adults expressed needing more help than currently received, with needs including transportation, housing, food, household assistance, and medical and mental health care. Participants also described reasons their service needs were not being met. The study elaborates on the specifics and descriptive statistics of the themes that emerged.Implications for older-adult victim services, as well as broader older-adult services, are discussed. (Author Abstract)
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    Associations between Social Support, Social Networks and Financial Exploitation in Older Adults
    (National Adult Protective Services Association (NAPSA), 2018) Beach, Scott
    This is research summary is based on the April 25, 2018 NAPSA webinar, Social Relationships and Elder Financial Victimization: Theoretical, Empirical, and Practical Perspectives. This document discusses a research study on the effects of social support and social network size. One main finding is that adults over the age of 60 with large non-family social networks and low perceived social support were at highest risk for financial exploitation (FE): "the more people older adults are exposed to, the greater opportunity for supportive relationships, but at the same time, there is a higher risk that network members will perpetuate FE." (CVRL Abstract)
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    Associations Between Social Support, Social Networks, and Financial Exploitation in Older Adults
    (SAGE, 2016) Beach, Scott; Schulz, Richard; Sneed, Rodlescia
    Social support and social networks are important correlates of elder mistreatment. This study tests hypothesized associations between perceived social support, social network size, and financial exploitation (FE). A population-based survey of 903 older adults (60+) in Allegheny County (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) found that lower perceived social support and larger social networks were simultaneously associated with higher risk for FE since age 60, controlling for known risk factors. The same associations were found for FE in the last 6 months. Older adults with larger social networks combined with lower perceived social support were most likely to report FE. When it comes to the role of social relationships and risk for FE, “more may not always be better.” Encouragement to widen the social network by “making new friends” should be stressed less than making sure these new network members will truly be supportive of the older adult. (Author Abstract)
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    Child Adversities, Midlife Health, and Elder Abuse: Application of Cumulative Disadvantage Theory [Summary]
    (National Adult Protective Services Association (NAPSA), 2021) Easton, Scott; Kong, Jooyoung
    Elder abuse victimization is increasingly recognized as a pressing public health concern. However, few empirical studies have investigated whether early life course adversities and midlife sequelae heighten risks for abuse in late life. Guided by cumulative disadvantage theory, our study examined whether compromised health in middle adulthood (physical, psychological, cognitive) mediates the association between childhood adversity and elder abuse. This secondary analysis was based on data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, a population-based, multi-wave dataset. We analyzed responses from 5,968 participants (mean age = 71 years; 54% female). Rates for any elder abuse and child adversities were, respectively, 16.34% and 47.98%. Multivariate analyses supported the cumulative disadvantage hypothesis. We found that childhood adversities and poor physical and psychological health in midlife were associated with greater elder abuse victimization. This innovative study represents one of the only longitudinal investigation of elder abuse, thereby advancing our understanding of mechanisms through which childhood trauma influences abuse in late life. Boosting health in middle adulthood could help prevent elder abuse. (Author Text) [CVRL Note: see also the full webinar on this article here: https://vimeo.com/625546425?embedded=true&source=vimeo_logo&owner=10356864 and slides here: https://www.evidentchange.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/NAPSA%20Presentation%20%28Oct.%206%202021%29.pdf]
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    CMS Could Use Medicare Data To Identify Instances of Potential Abuse or Neglect
    (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2019) Lamir, David; Roy, Curtis
    We identified 34,664 Medicare claims for our audit period that contained diagnosis codes indicating the treatment of injuries potentially caused by abuse or neglect of Medicare beneficiaries. We estimated 30,754 of these Medicare claims were supported by medical records that contained evidence of potential abuse or neglect. We further estimated that,of the claims in our population associated with incidents of potential abuse or neglect, 2,574 were allegedly perpetrated by a healthcare worker, 3,330 were related to incidents that occurred in a medical facility, and 9,294 were related to incidents that were not reported to law enforcement. (Author Text)
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    The conceptualization of mistreatment by older American Indians [Author Manuscript]
    (Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 2017) Jervis, Lori; Sconzert-Hall, William
    The problem of how to conceptualize elder mistreatment goes back several decades, and is especially important for ethnic minority populations, who may have perspectives that differ from the dominant society. This community-based participatory research study, which examined perceptions of mistreatment by family among 100 urban and rural older American Indians, permits a rare glimpse into how Native elders themselves understand this issue. Here, good treatment was conceptualized in terms of being taken care of, having one’s needs met, and being respected. We found relatively high standards for how elders should be treated —such as the belief that an elder’s needs should be anticipated and met without the elder needing to ask—in the face of widespread accounts of the mistreatment of elders within the community, largely through various acts of financial exploitation and neglect. Substance abuse and culture loss were blamed for much of the elder mistreatment occurring in contemporary Native communities. (Author Abstract)
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    Design and implementation of an empowerment model to prevent elder abuse: a randomized controlled trial
    (National Institutes of Health (NIH), 2018) Estebari, Fatemeh; Dastoorpoor, Maryam; Mostafaei, Davoud; Khanjani, Narges; Khalifekandi, Zahra Rahimi; Fouroushani, Abbas Rahimi; Aghababaeian, Hamidreza; Taghdisi, Mohammad Hossein
    Background: Older adults are more vulnerable to health risks than younger people and may get exposed to various dangers, including elder abuse. This study aimed to design and implement an empowerment educational intervention to prevent elder abuse. Methods: This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2014–2016 for 18 months on 464 older adults aged above 60 years who visited health houses of 22 municipalities in Tehran. Data were collected using standard questionnaires, including the Elder Abuse-Knowledge Questionnaire, Health-Promoting Behavior Questionnaire, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Barriers to Healthy Lifestyle, Perceived Social Support, Perceived Self-Efficacy, Loneliness Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, and the SCARED (stress, coping, argument, resources, events, and dependence) tool. The intervention was done in twenty 45- to 60-minute training sessions over 6 months. Data analysis were performed using χ2 tests, multiple linear and logistic regression, and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The frequency of knowledge of elder abuse, self-efficacy, social support and health promoting lifestyle before the intervention was similar in the two groups. However, the frequency of high knowledge of elder abuse (94.8% in the intervention group and 46.6% in the control group), high self-efficacy (82.8% and 7.8%, respectively), high social support (97.0%and 10.3%, respectively) and high health promoting lifestyle (97.0% and 10.3%, respectively) was significantly higher (P,0.001) and the frequency of elder abuse risk (28.0% and 49.6%,respectively) was significantly less in the intervention group after the intervention. SEM standardized beta (Sβ) showed that the intervention had the highest impact on increase social support (Sβ=0.80, β=48.64, SE=1.70,P,0.05), self-efficacy (Sβ=0.76, β=13.32, SE=0.52, P,0.05) and health promoting behaviors (Sβ=0.48, β=33.08, SE=2.26, P,0.05), respectively. The effect of the intervention on decrease of elder abuse risk was indirect and significant (Sβ=-0.406,β=-0.340, SE=0.03,P,0.05), and through social support, self-efficacy, and health promoting behaviors.Conclusion: Educational interventions can be effective in preventing elder abuse. (Author Abstract)
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    Development and evaluation of a social inclusion framework for a comprehensive hospital-based elder abuse intervention
    (PLoS One, 2020) Du Mont, Janice; Kosa, S. Daisy; Spencer, Charmaine; Yaffe, Mark; Macdonald, Sheila
    A framework of social inclusion can promote equity and aid in preventing and addressing the abuse of older adults. Our objective was to build a social inclusion framework for a comprehensive hospital-based elder abuse intervention being developed. Potential components of such a framework, namely, health determinants and guiding principles, were extracted from a systematic scoping review of existing responses (e.g., interventions, protocols) to elder abuse and collated. These were subsequently rated for their importance to the elder abuse intervention by a panel of violence experts and further evaluated by a panel of elder abuse experts. The final social inclusion framework comprised 12 health determinants each representing factors underpinning susceptibility for abuse in aging populations: history of trauma/abuse, communication needs, disability, health status, mental capacity, social support, culture, language, sexuality, religion, gender identity, and socioeconomic status. The framework also comprised 19 guiding principles each encompassing considerations for equitable engagement with older adults (e.g., All older adults have the right to self-determination, All older adults have the right to be safe, All older adults are assumed competent unless determined otherwise). Integrating this social inclusion framework into the design and delivery of an elder abuse intervention could empower older adults, while at the same time ensuring that practices and policies are tailored to meet their unique and varying needs. (Author Abstract)
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    Disrespect to our Elders: Elder Abuse in Indian County
    (National Adult Protective Services Association (NAPSA), 2017) Gray, Jacque
    This brief summarizes the main points of a webinar that presents current research on elder abuse among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). It summarizes findings from multiple studies and surveys, some national and others small and local. The study addressed elder abuse prevalence and type, elder needs, and their use of elder abuse prevention services, or their potential use of such services if they were available. Lastly, some of the studies highlight the importance of using culturally relevant and appropriate measures to assess elder abuse among AI/AN populations, such as using language that is more recognizable to them. See also the full webinar and slideshow. (CVRL Abstract)
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    The effectiveness of educational programs to improve recognition and reporting of elder abuse and neglect: A systematic review of the literature
    (Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 2011) Alt, Kim; Nguyen, Annie; Meurer, Linda
    Health professionals often lack adequate protocols or knowledge to detect, manage and prevent elder maltreatment. This systematic review describes and evaluates existing literature on the effectiveness of educational interventions to improve health professionals’ recognition and reporting of elder abuse and neglect. Fourteen articles described 22 programs ranging from brief didactics to experiential learning and targeting a variety of health and social service audiences. Most evaluations were limited to satisfaction measures. These programs may result in increased awareness, collaboration, and improved case-finding. However, using the published literature to guide new program planning is constrained by lack of details and limited evaluations. (Author Abstract)
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    Effects of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Elder Mistreatment and Response in New York City: Initial Lessons
    (SAGE Open, 2020) Elman, Alyssa; Breckman, Risa; Clark, Sunday; Gottesman, Elaine; Rachmuth, Lisa; Reiff, Margaret; Callahan, Jean; Russell, Laura; Curtis, Maureen; Solomon, Joy; Sirey, Jo Anne; Lachs, Mark; Czaja, Sara; Pillemer, Karl; Rosen, Tony
    New York City is currently experiencing an outbreak of COVID-19, a highly contagious and potentially deadly virus, which is particularly dangerous for older adults. This pandemic has led to public health policies including social distancing and stay-at-home orders. We explore here the impact of this unique crisis on victims of elder mistreatment and people at risk of victimization. The COVID-19 outbreak has also had a profound impact on the organizations from many sectors that typically respond to protect and serve victims of elder mistreatment. We examine this impact and describe creative solutions developed by these organizations and initial lessons learned in New York City to help inform other communities facing this pandemic and provide guidance for future crises. (Author Abstract)
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    Elder Abuse
    (New England Journal of Medicine, 2015) Lachs, Mark; Pillemer, Karl
    Although it has probably existed since antiquity, elder abuse was first described in the medical literature in the 1970s.1 Many initial attempts to define the clinical spectrum of the phenomenon and to formulate effective intervention strategies were limited by their anecdotal nature or were epidemiologically flawed. The past decade, however, has seen improvements in the quality of research on elder abuse that should be of interest to clinicians who care for older adults and their families. Financial exploitation of older adults, which was explored only minimally in the initial studies, has recently been identified as a virtual epidemic and as a problem that may be detected or suspected by an alert physician. In the field of long-term care, studies have uncovered high rates of interpersonal violence and aggression toward older adults; in particular, abuse of older residents by other residents in long-term care facilities is now recognized as a problem that is more common than physical abuse by staff.2,3 The use of interdisciplinary or interprofessional teams, also referred to as multidisciplinary teams in the context of elder abuse, has emerged as one of the intervention strategies to address the complex and multidimensional needs and problems of victims of elder abuse, and such teams are an important resource for physicians.4,5 These new developments suggest an expanded role for physicians in assessing and treating victims of elder abuse and in referring them for further care. In this review, we summarize research and clinical evidence on the extent, assessment, and management of elder abuse, derived from our analysis of high-quality studies and recent systematic studies and reviews of the literature on elder abuse. (Author Abstract)
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    Elder Abuse
    (Center for Victim Research (CVR), 2020) Henderson, Erica; Ervin, Storm
    The Center for Victim Research is assessing the state of the field in victim response specific crime types. This brief summarizes the fast facts and main points of the full synthesis about elder abuse victimization. See also the synthesis report, the bibliography for sources/citations, and webinar presentation slides for Elder Abuse Victimization: What We Know from Research- and Practice-Based Evidence. (CVRL Abstract)
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    Elder Abuse and Its Impact: What You Must Know
    (National Center on Elder Abuse (NCEA), 2013)
    This fact sheet includes statistics related to the prevalence of elder abuse in the United States and health, mental, and mortality consequences of elder abuse. (CVRL Abstract)
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    Elder Abuse Annual Research Compilation, September 2018-August 2019
    (National Center of Elder Abuse (NCEA), 2019)
    This annual compilation is a reference guide containing elder abuse, neglect and exploitation research that was published during the 2018-2019 calendar year of the NCEA grant. The themes and topics that were prominent in research this year include but are not limited to the following, which have been grouped into several categories: (1) financial, physical, psychological, sexual abuse and neglect, (2) women and abuse, (3) long-term care, (4) elder abuse detection, (5) policy and intervention, (6) cognition and capacity, (7) mental and emotional health, (8) miscellaneous reviews, (9) miscellaneous studies, and (10) other relevant research. We kindly ask that you please direct any questions about the research presented in this publication to the researchers who authored the studies. (Author Abstract)
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    Elder Abuse Annual Research Compilation: September 2020 – August 2021
    (National Center on Elder Abuse, 2021)
    This annual compilation is a reference guide containing elder abuse, neglect and exploitation research that was published during the 2020-2021 calendar year of the NCEA grant. The themes and topics that were prominent in research this year include but are not limited to the following, which have been grouped into several categories: (1) Financial, physical, psychological, sexual abuse and neglect, (2) multidisciplinary (3) reporting and disclosure, (4) women and elder abuse, (5) culture and ethnicity, (6) long-term care and caregivers, (6) elder abuse detection, (7) policy and intervention, (8) cognition and capacity, (9) miscellaneous research (10) COVID-19 related research. (Author Text)
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    Elder abuse prevalence in community settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (The Lancet Global Health, 2017) Yon, Yongjie; Mikton, Christopher; Gassoumis, Zachary; Wilber, Kathleen
    Background: Elder abuse is recognised worldwide as a serious problem, yet quantitative syntheses of prevalence studies are rare. We aimed to quantify and understand prevalence variation at the global and regional levels. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched 14 databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE, using a comprehensive search strategy to identify elder abuse prevalence studies in the community published from inception to June 26, 2015. Studies reporting estimates of past-year abuse prevalence in adults aged 60 years or older were included in the analyses. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to explore heterogeneity, with study quality assessed with the risk of bias tool. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42015029197. Findings: Of the 38 544 studies initially identified, 52 were eligible for inclusion. These studies were geographically diverse (28 countries). The pooled prevalence rate for overall elder abuse was 15·7% (95% CI 12·8–19·3). The pooled prevalence estimate was 11·6% (8·1–16·3) for psychological abuse, 6·8% (5·0–9·2) for financial abuse, 4·2% (2·1–8·1) for neglect, 2·6% (1·6–4·4) for physical abuse, and 0·9% (0·6–1·4) for sexual abuse. Meta-analysis of studies that included overall abuse revealed heterogeneity. Significant associations were found between overall prevalence estimates and sample size, income classification, and method of data collection, but not with gender. Interpretation: Although robust prevalence studies are sparse in low-income and middle-income countries, elder abuse seems to affect one in six older adults worldwide, which is roughly 141 million people. Nonetheless, elder abuse is a neglected global public health priority, especially compared with other types of violence. Funding: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the WHO Department of Ageing and Life Course. (Author Abstract)
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    Elder Abuse Victimization: What We Know from Research- and Practice-Based Evidence
    (Center for Victim Research (CVR), 2020) Ervin, Storm; Henderson, Erica
    The Center for Victim Research is assessing the state of the field in victim response specific crime types. This synthesis compiles research and practice evidence about elder abuse victimization. The report defines elder abuse and the scope of the synthesis (which does not include research on elder self-neglect or frauds/scams targeting older adults, as another CVR synthesis covers identity theft and fraud). The researchers discuss elder abuse prevalence and indicators, risk and protective factors, consequences, and the current state of prevention, intervention, and services. Elder abuse in historically marginalized communities and key legislation are also discussed. Finally, the authors provide implications for research, policy, and practice. See also the bibliography for sources/citations, the research brief, and webinar presentation slides for Elder Abuse Victimization: What We Know from Research- and Practice-Based Evidence. (CVRL Abstract)
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    Elder Abuse Victimization: What We Know from Research- and Practice-Based Evidence [Bibliography]
    (Center for Victim Research (CVR), 2020) Ervin, Storm; Henderson, Erica
    The Center for Victim Research is assessing the state of the field in victim response specific crime types. This bibliography provides the sources used in the elder abuse victimization synthesis report. See also the synthesis report, the research brief, and webinar presentation slides for Elder Abuse Victimization: What We Know from Research- and Practice- Based Evidence. (CVRL Abstract)
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